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Understanding The Working Of The Cellular DAS

By Edna Booker


The Distributed Antenna System (DAS) is the technology that is used to boost network coverage in areas where there is either no coverage or areas with weak coverage. In order to achieve this, the technology relies on a clustered installation of antennas for boosting the cellular network. The system is common in large facilities, underground transport systems, and in the areas with large gathering that leads to a high demand that overwhelms the available network coverage. As such, you are likely to find the cellular DAS in airports, sport arenas, large hospitals, and town city centers like Raleigh city among others.

The antennas are physically connected using a coaxial cable or the fiber to a central controller. This central controller is in turn connected to some wireless carrier network base station. The system increases the signal reliability and the power consumption is also less. Since the distributed antenna systems operate on RF spectrum that is licensed to a wireless carrier, it is not possible for an enterprise to undertake the deployment of DAS without one or more carriers.

The system works by simply relying on the presses of additional antennas which in turn increases the chance of a good line-of-sight channel. Since the provision of cellular signals is a very power demanding process due to the problems penetration and shadowing that leads to signal losses, the DAS relies on the active repeater amplifiers or passive splitters and feeder configurations. The two configurations increases efficiency and thus reduce the power consumption.

In this way, the network is distributed through signal leakage. Since the transmitted power is split among a number of antenna elements that covers the same area as a single antenna, the total power required is highly reduced.

In any DAS project, the deployment stage is the most expensive. This is mainly due to the labor intensive process of antenna installation and stinging the coaxial cable or the fiber optic in between the antenna modules and the controller.

In most cases, the cost of the equipment, installation cost, maintenance cost, and upgrading of the system are all borne by the carrier. This means that a carrier is likely to accept to bear the cost if the deployment fits within its network plan and is able to cover a large number of the subscribers. In most cases, the DAS system is shared with multiple carriers to keep the cost down.

The distributed antenna systems are transparent to the mobile devices. It provides the voice services as well as data services to the mobile devices. It offers the most appropriate solution to the densely populated spaces such as the university campuses, shopping malls, sport arenas, the medical centers and the tall buildings.

With the DAS system, it is easy to offer the voice and data services through the mobile devices to the users in the densely populated areas where the typical system is overwhelmed by the demand. The system is also suitable for the remote locations that have poor network coverage or those with no coverage at all. Today, it is widely used in the city of Raleigh. It comes with the advantages of easing the zoning and antenna placement, no need for site development, and consumes lower power.




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